The Government of Andhra Pradesh launched the Free Agricultural Power Scheme in 2020 to provide nine hours of free power daily to 17.55 lakh agricultural metered connections across the state. The subsidy is credited directly into farmers’ bank accounts and...

Effluent treatment is costly and depends on the technoeconomic feasibility of installing treatment systems at individual industrial sites. Small and medium enterprises often rely on Common Effluent Treatment Plants (CETPs), which provide an opportunity to...

In low-income settings, access to safe and functional sanitation remains a challenge for women. Despite major investments in India through initiatives such as the Swachh Bharat Mission, many women continue to avoid community toilets, particularly at night...

The National Jal Jeevan Mission (JJM) aims to provide all rural households in India with safe and convenient access to drinking water. JJM represents one of the largest consolidated investments in water infrastructure, with a 2022 central government allocation...

India’s electricity sector faces two major challenges: rising emissions from fossil fuel generation and the difficulty of maintaining grid reliability amid growing demand. Although India has rapidly expanded renewable energy, a key challenge remains managing...

India faces frequent flooding, particularly during the monsoon season and during cyclones. The country has developed strategies to manage large-scale flood events both before they occur (ex ante) and after they occur (ex post). These strategies include...

This research project focuses on improving public sanitation in India, particularly in flood-prone areas such as Bihar, where regular toilets often become unusable during heavy rains. When this happens, families are forced to go back to open defecation, which...